Background: Heart failure is a major public health problem, and self-management\nis the primary approach to control the progression of heart failure. The low research\nparticipation rate among rural patients hinders the generation of new evidence for\nimproving self-management in rural heart failure patients.\nPurpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers and strategies in\nthe recruitment and retention of rural heart failure patients in behavioral intervention\nprograms to promote self-management adherence.\nMethod: This is a descriptive study using data generated from a randomized\ncontrolled trial.\nResults: Eleven common barriers were identified such as the inability to perceive\nthe benefits of the study, the burden of managing multiple comorbidities, and the lack of\ntransportation to appointments. Possible gateways to improve recruitment and retention\ninclude using recruiters from the local community and promoting provider engagement\nwith research activities. Multiple challenges inhibited rural heart failure patients from\nparticipating in and completing the behavioral intervention study.\nConclusion and implications: Anticipation of those barriers, and identifying\nstrategies to remove those barriers, could contribute to an improvement in the rural\npatients� participation and completion rates, leading to the generation of new evidence\nand better generalizability of the evidence.
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